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2025 考研英语一 Section II Part C Translation

Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Innovation and research have relied on public participation in science for centuries. It was a musician who discovered the planet Uranus in the 18th century by making his own telescope with mirrors composed of copper and tin. (46) Recent decades have seen science move into a convention where engagement in the subject can only be done through institutions, such as a university. Citizen science provides an opportunity for greater public engagement and the democratisation of science. In the information era, large data sets, small teams and financial restrictions have slowed scientific process. (47) But by utilising the natural curiosity of the general public it is possible to overcome many of these challenges by engaging non-scientists directly in the research process. Anyone can be a citizen scientist, regardless of age, nationality or academic experience. You don’t even need formal training, just an inquisitive mind and the enthusiasm to join one of the thousands of citizen science projects to generate new knowledge and the means to understand a genuine scientific outcome. （48）Scientists have employed a variety of ways to engage the general public in their research, such as making data analysis into an online game or sample collection into a smartphone application. They’ve implored citizens to help with bug counting and categorising cancer cells, and even identifying distant galaxies. This form of accessible science means that great minds are able to join the race to create and develop projects with the potential to change the world. A citizen science-based approach can extend the field of vision and include different ideas and different brains to problem-solve and create, making innovation faster and more effective. The rise of citizen science has grown alongside the rise of do-it-yourself biology laboratories around the world. (49) These groups of people are part of a rapidly expanding biotechnological social movement of citizen scientists and professional scientists seeking to take discovery out of institutions and put it into the hands of anyone with the enthusiasm. There are around 40 official do-it-yourself biology centres across the globe in locations including Paris, London, Sydney, and Tel Aviv. (50) They pool resources, collaborate, think outside the box, and find solutions and ways around obstacles to explore science for the sake of science without the traditional boundaries of working inside a formal setting. So is it time to take the Petri dish out of the laboratory and into the garage?

Echo 参考译文、难点评析与错误点总结

说明：以下为 Echo 生成的非官方参考译文和学习解析，用于自测、批改和复盘；不等同于官方答案。

Echo 参考译文

46. 近几十年来，科学业已形成一种惯例，即人们只有通过诸如大学这样的机构才能参与其中。
47. 但是，通过利用公众与生俱来的好奇心，让非科学家直接参与研究过程，我们就有可能克服其中的诸多挑战。
48. 科学家们采用了各种方式让公众参与他们的研究，例如将数据分析做成网络游戏，或将样本采集做成智能手机应用程序。
49. 这些群体属于一场正在迅速壮大的生物科技社会运动的一部分，在这场运动中，公民科学家和职业科学家设法将科学发现从机构中解放出来，并将其交到任何怀有热情的人手中。
50. 它们汇聚资源、通力合作、跳出思维定式，并寻找克服障碍的对策和方法，目的是为了科学而探索科学，打破在正式的环境中进行科学探索的传统界限。

整体难点评析

本文主题可归为“心理状态与求助行为”。英语一翻译通常为 5 个划线句，每句 2 分。复盘时应逐句拆主干、定修饰范围，再检查抽象名词和逻辑关系是否落到中文里。

• 结构难点：重点关注名词化结构、逻辑连接、修饰后置、长句主干识别、上下文语义照应。先找主句谓语，再处理从句、分词、介词短语和插入成分，避免在中文里把修饰关系接错。
• 词义难点：不要机械使用词典第一义，尤其是抽象名词、学术动词和评价性形容词。应根据上下文确定它们是在表示事实、趋势、原因、态度还是结果。
• 逻辑难点：翻译时要显化英语中的因果、转折、让步、递进和目的关系。中文可以调整语序，但不能丢掉逻辑方向。
• 表达难点：中文译文要准确优先，再追求通顺。可以适度增补主语或承接词，但不能加入原文没有的信息。

常见错误点总结

• 主干误判：把修饰成分当主句，或漏掉真正谓语，会导致整句方向错误。
• 修饰范围错误：定语从句、分词短语和介词短语常常后置，翻译时要判断它修饰哪个名词或动作。
• 抽象名词处理生硬：如 process、approach、engagement、movement、connection 等词，要根据上下文译成“过程、方式、参与、运动、联系”等合适表达。
• 逻辑词漏译或反译：but、despite、while、so、as、with 等小词常决定句子关系，是扣分高发点。
• 中文表达不成句：逐词硬贴会让译文读不通。建议译完后用中文默读一遍，检查主语、谓语、宾语和逻辑连接是否完整。