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2018 考研英语一 Section I Use of English

Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it’s a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2 in the wrong place often carries a high 3 . 4 , why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instinct that prompts humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9 : In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else. 11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look 15 . Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty—and realized the tester had 17 them. Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19 , only five of the 30 children paired with the “ 20 ” tester participated in a follow-up activity.

1. [A] on [B] like [C] for [D] from
2. [A] faith [B] concern [C] attention [D] interest
3. [A] benefit [B] debt [C] hope [D] price
4. [A] Therefore [B] Then [C] Instead [D] Again
5. [A] Until [B] Unless [C] Although [D] When
6. [A] selects [B] produces [C] applies [D] maintains
7. [A] consult [B] compete [C] connect [D] compare
8. [A] at [B] by [C] of [D] to
9. [A] context [B] mood [C] period [D] circle
10. [A] counterparts [B] substitutes [C] colleagues [D] supporters
11. [A] Funny [B] Lucky [C] Odd [D] Ironic
12. [A] monitor [B] protect [C] surprise [D] delight
13. [A] between [B] within [C] toward [D] over
14. [A] transferred [B] added [C] introduced [D] entrusted
15. [A] out [B] back [C] around [D] inside
16. [A] discovered [B] proved [C] insisted [D] remembered
17. [A] betrayed [B] wronged [C] fooled [D] mocked
18. [A] forced [B] willing [C] hesitant [D] entitled
19. [A] In contrast [B] As a result [C] On the whole [D] For instance
20. [A] inflexible [B] incapable [C] unreliable [D] unsuitable

Echo 完形整体难点评析与易错点总结

说明：本部分为 Echo 生成的非官方学习解析，用于帮助复盘篇章逻辑与常见失分点。

客观题答案链

1-C；2-A；3-D；4-B；5-D；6-B；7-C；8-D；9-B；10-A；11-B；12-B；13-A；14-C；15-D；16-A；17-C；18-B；19-A；20-C

答案分布：A:5，B:6，C:5，D:4

篇章主线

本文主题可归为“人际沟通与社会心理”。开篇信息是：Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it’s a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. 复盘时应先抓住文章对象、时间推进和因果变化，再回到每个空格判断词性、搭配和逻辑方向。

整体难点评析

• 篇章层面：完形不是逐空翻词，很多空格依赖前后两三句的照应关系。先判断段落是在介绍背景、推进事件、解释原因还是给出结论，再判断选项是否顺着文章主线发展。
• 语言层面：本篇需要重点关注名词化结构、被动与非谓语、逻辑连接、修饰后置、长句主干识别。遇到长句时先找主谓宾或系表结构，再处理介词短语、定语从句和分词结构。
• 选项层面：常见干扰来自近义词、同一语义场词汇和固定搭配误判。尤其要检查动词是否能支配后面的宾语，形容词是否能修饰目标名词，介词是否符合原文空间或逻辑关系。
• 复盘层面：先用答案链检查自己错题集中在哪一类空格，再把错题分成“词义不准、搭配不熟、逻辑关系反、代词/指代没看清”四类，后续训练会更有效。

选项观察示例

• 1. [A] on [B] like [C] for [D] from
• 2. [A] faith [B] concern [C] attention [D] interest
• 3. [A] benefit [B] debt [C] hope [D] price

这些选项不能只按中文意思选。更稳的做法是先确定空格在句中的语法角色，再看它和前后关键词之间是否形成自然搭配，最后用全文主题检查语义是否跑偏。

易错点总结

• 只看空格所在半句，忽略上一句铺垫或下一句解释，容易把“局部通顺”的选项误当答案。
• 把近义词当成可互换词，忽略语体、搭配对象和逻辑方向，是完形高频失分原因。
• 遇到转折、让步、因果、递进时，要先判断作者态度和事件走向；逻辑方向判断错，后面的词义判断通常也会错。
• 名词空重点看可数性、抽象/具体属性和前置修饰；动词空重点看主语、宾语和时态语态；形容词/副词空重点看评价色彩和程度。
• 复盘时不要只记答案字母，应把正确选项放回原句朗读一遍，确认句法、语义和篇章三层都成立。