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2021 考研英语二 Section I Use of English

Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder, 1 , to understand their negative consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the others become distorted. Travel on a London bus and you’ll 3 see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are 5 . How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists. Why? Because the target is 6 . People complained that buses were late and infrequent. 7 , the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they 9 hit cyclists. If the target was changed to 10 , you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more 11 drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time. There is another 12 : people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you 13 that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a 14 is meant to take. A one-hour flight is now billed as a two-hour flight. The 15 of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others. Everything can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a 17 . Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences. This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria 18 critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only to 19 just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better 20 the objective. 1.[A] therefore [B] however [C] again [D] moreover 2.[A] Emphasize [B] Identify [C] Assess [D] Explain 3.[A] nearly [B] curiously [C] eagerly [D] quickly 4.[A] claim [B] prove [C] check [D] recall 5.[A] threatened [B] ignored [C] mocked [D] blamed 6.[A] punctuality [B] hospitality [C] competition [D] innovation 7.[A] Yet [B] So [C] Besides [D] Still 8.[A] hired [B] trained [C] rewarded [D] grouped 9.[A] only [B] rather [C] once [D] also 10. [A] comfort [B] revenue [C] efficiency [D] security 11. [A] friendly [B] quiet [C] cautious [D] diligent 12. [A] purpose [B] problem [C] prejudice [D] policy 13. [A] reported [B] revealed [C] admitted [D] noticed 14. [A] break [B] trip [C] departure [D] transfer 15. [A] moral [B] background [C] style [D] form 16. [A] interpret [B] criticize [C] sacrifice [D] tolerate 17. [A] task [B] secret [C] product [D] cost 18. [A] leading to [B] calling for [C] relating to [D] accounting for 19. [A] specify [B] predict [C] restore [D] create 20. [A] modify [B] review [C] present [D] achieve

Echo 完形整体难点评析与易错点总结

说明：本部分为 Echo 生成的非官方学习解析，用于帮助复盘篇章逻辑与常见失分点。

客观题答案链

1-B；2-A；3-D；4-C；5-A；6-A；7-B；8-C；9-D；10-B；11-C；12-B；13-D；14-B；15-A；16-C；17-D；18-C；19-A；20-D

答案分布：A:5，B:5，C:5，D:5

篇章主线

本文主题可归为“心理状态与求助行为”。开篇信息是：It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. 复盘时应先抓住文章对象、时间推进和因果变化，再回到每个空格判断词性、搭配和逻辑方向。

整体难点评析

• 篇章层面：完形不是逐空翻词，很多空格依赖前后两三句的照应关系。先判断段落是在介绍背景、推进事件、解释原因还是给出结论，再判断选项是否顺着文章主线发展。
• 语言层面：本篇需要重点关注名词化结构、被动与非谓语、逻辑连接、修饰后置、长句主干识别。遇到长句时先找主谓宾或系表结构，再处理介词短语、定语从句和分词结构。
• 选项层面：常见干扰来自近义词、同一语义场词汇和固定搭配误判。尤其要检查动词是否能支配后面的宾语，形容词是否能修饰目标名词，介词是否符合原文空间或逻辑关系。
• 复盘层面：先用答案链检查自己错题集中在哪一类空格，再把错题分成“词义不准、搭配不熟、逻辑关系反、代词/指代没看清”四类，后续训练会更有效。

选项观察示例

• 10. [A] comfort [B] revenue [C] efficiency [D] security
• 11. [A] friendly [B] quiet [C] cautious [D] diligent
• 12. [A] purpose [B] problem [C] prejudice [D] policy

这些选项不能只按中文意思选。更稳的做法是先确定空格在句中的语法角色，再看它和前后关键词之间是否形成自然搭配，最后用全文主题检查语义是否跑偏。

易错点总结

• 只看空格所在半句，忽略上一句铺垫或下一句解释，容易把“局部通顺”的选项误当答案。
• 把近义词当成可互换词，忽略语体、搭配对象和逻辑方向，是完形高频失分原因。
• 遇到转折、让步、因果、递进时，要先判断作者态度和事件走向；逻辑方向判断错，后面的词义判断通常也会错。
• 名词空重点看可数性、抽象/具体属性和前置修饰；动词空重点看主语、宾语和时态语态；形容词/副词空重点看评价色彩和程度。
• 复盘时不要只记答案字母，应把正确选项放回原句朗读一遍，确认句法、语义和篇章三层都成立。